How to Read Cannabis Product Labels

Decoding Your Cannabis

Walking into a dispensary or browsing an online store can be overwhelming. With terms like "Total THC," "Terpenes," and "Harvest Date," reading a cannabis product label can feel like deciphering a secret code. This guide will help you understand what to look for so you can make informed choices.

1. Cannabinoid Content (THC & CBD)

This is the most prominent information on any label. You'll often see two numbers:

• THCA/CBDA: This is the acidic, non-psychoactive form of the cannabinoid found in the raw plant.
• THC/CBD (or Total THC/CBD): This number represents the active cannabinoid content after decarboxylation (heating). This is the number that indicates the product's potency. For flower, "Total THC" is usually a better indicator of final potency than just "THC."

2. Terpene Profile

This is arguably as important as the cannabinoid content. The label may list the top 3-5 terpenes found in the strain and their percentages. Look for terpenes that align with your desired effects:

• For Relaxation: Look for high levels of Myrcene and Linalool.
• For Energy & Focus: Look for Limonene and Pinene.
• For Pain Relief: Caryophyllene is a key terpene to look for.

3. Key Dates

Freshness matters. Look for these dates on the label:

• Harvest Date: When the plant was cut down.
• Test Date: When the product was sent to a lab for analysis.
• Package Date: When the product was placed in its final packaging.
• Best-By/Expiration Date: This tells you when the product may start to lose its potency and flavor.

Generally, the fresher, the better. Look for products packaged within the last few months.

4. Lab Testing Information

A reputable product will have a batch or lot number that corresponds to a Certificate of Analysis (COA) from a third-party lab. This report confirms the product is free of pesticides, heavy metals, and other contaminants, and verifies the cannabinoid and terpene profile. Many brands include a QR code on the packaging that links directly to the COA.

Putting It All Together

Don't just shop by the highest THC percentage. A strain with 18% THC and a rich terpene profile might provide a better experience than a 25% THC strain with a weak profile. Use the label as a complete guide to finding the aroma, flavor, and effects you're looking for.